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Chapter 1
Chapter 1. Construction
Chapter 1. Construction. Flintlock mechanism
Chapter 1. Hunting
Chapter 1. Tula Arms Factory
Chapter 1. Tula Arms Factory

Flintlock Carbine

Matchlock guns were finally replaced by guns with
the flintlock mechanism at the end of 16th century.
на кого охотились
русские императоры?
Екатерина II любила охотиться с прирученными соколами и ястребами на пернатую дичь. Ухаживали за ловчими птицами специально назначенные чины — сокольники, кречетники и ястребники.
Выпускали поодиночке нескольких волков с надетыми намордниками. Следом спускали борзых. Волков травили не до смерти, но для приучения молодых собак. Стремянные, скачущие следом на лошадях, отгоняли их арапником и не давали им терзать зверя.
Екатерина II ввела при дворе моду на парфорсную охоту, при которой зверя — оленя, косулю или зайца — загоняли живьем. В императорской парфорсной охоте могли одновременно участвовать несколько сотен гончих и борзых собак.
The pearl of the Royal Guns collection in the Museum’s collection is the flintlock carbine made in memory of the visit of Catherine II to the Tula Arms Factory in 1775.
The carbine stock is made of expensive walnut wood and covered with exquisite gold inlay ornaments and silver wire.

The hammer base has a golden lining in the form of a mystic animal.
Gunstock
Trigger guard
Gunstock
3d
Flintlock mechanism, plate for lock screws, trigger guard and breech end of the barrel are decorated with embossed golden flowers, bouquets and garlands.
Flintlock mechanism
Firing trigger
3D: Assemble a carbine
The top face of the barrel has gold-fused letters: “Her Imperial Majesty when visiting the Tula Arms Factory was benevolent to inscribe with her own hands on this gun...”
A golden monogram of Catherine the Great framed by the famous Tula steel “diamonds” is carved in an oval medallion under a crown on the breech.
The top face of the barrel has gold-fused letters: “...three times with a hammer in the memory of Her Imperial Majesty being in the factory on the 14th day of December 1775”
Outer metal surface is blued. All embossed decorations on them are made as golden notches.
Damascus barrel
Specifications
3D: Shooting
To fire a shot from the hunting flintlock carbine, take these steps:
1.
First move the hammer half-cock.
2.
Open the flash-pan sliding cover and pour the priming powder onto it.
3.
Close the cover and move a hammer to the full cock.
4.
Pour a dispenser measured quantity of gunpowder from the gunpowder horn, score a wad, throw a bullet, score another wad and tamp them all by the rod to charge the gun.
5.
Pull the firing trigger.
6.
Flint gripped in the hammer lips will hit the flash-pan sliding cover which bounces forward and opens the pan.
7.
Sparks arising from the strike will ignite the priming powder, fire penetrates into a bore through the seed hole to ignite the main charge of gunpowder.
Wooden rod with its head of black horn
At the top of the backplate there is an oval medallion under the imperial crown framed with a wreath, the two-headed eagle in the middle, and the monogram of Catherine II above.
Fore-end
Butt stock
Backplate
3D: Assemble a carbine
3d
Flint locks were used both in hunting and combat shotguns. That is why their configuration is almost similar.
On an interactive holographic display you can get acquainted with the components and operation principle of a flintlock gun.
The Russian Empress Catherine II the Great preferred bird hunting using guns. In the years of her reign hunting rules were streamlined and turned into an exquisite ritual.
The rulers of the royal dynasty could not imagine hunting without the inherent pomposity: hundreds of hounds and birds of prey, dozens of servants, the best horses and gorgeous guns fabricated in a single copy — the royal amusements were consistently held with luxury and panache.
Hunting guns produced during the reign of Catherine II have a rich finish. Tula craftsmen were authors of true masterpieces of decorative art for the imperial court.
Of course, military guns featured no such luxury finishes. In the 18th century, the Tula Arms Factory was its main manufacturer.
It was proven by challenges encountered, ... Our Empire defended itself with weapons manufactured by the Tula Arms Factory in many successful and glorious wars we won
— Catherine II the Great said
In 1812, Commander of the Tula Arms Factory, Major General F.N. Voronov wrote in the report to the Artillery Department: “They (gunsmiths) worked day and night and all holidays and the service days designated for freedom and resting from their works, and used weapons just for one case, glorying them in their writings dedicated to the Fatherland. Such is the sacrifice of gunmakers”.
In the years of 1812-1814, the Tula gunsmiths manufactured and repaired an unprecedented number of weapons: about 500,000 units
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History of Firearms and Bladed Weapons of the 14th Century until 1914
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